FIN Unit 4 DB SA FWP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Balance Unit 4 DB SA FWP - Essay Example Not exclusively do the establishment causes you to get capital, yet additionally working with you to get ready for the future just as guarantee likely clients of the businesss consistent quality and reliability (Deshpande, 2004). A few banks offer impetuses to keep a specific sum stored other than others offer administrations to capitalize on your benefits, it may be savvy to thoroughly consider a bank that can offer those administrations (Deshpande, 2004). Certain foundations can even help you gather money related data in your industry globally. Or there will be consequences, you would be astute to enroll a freed budgetary guide to distinguish your requirements before picking a worldwide bank. Larger part of those classes of banks gives the best expense rates which is not exactly the standard United States banks. Also, the financing cost charged on (for example the Euro dollar stores) relies upon the bank’s loaning rate, in light of the fact that the premium a bank gains on advances directs its readiness just as capacity to pay enthusiasm on stores, lastly on paces of profit available for United States currency showcase instruments (Massey, 2004). There is a wide scope of speculations approaches benefit from remunerations not offered outside of an Investor’s home nation. More every now and again than not, there are no shortages of currency showcases just as security reserves gave by banks out of the United States (Massey, 2004). The awards of banking outside the U.S. likewise support a superior venture climate that interests customers. An additional commitment to banking that way is the secrecy that your cash is sheltered (Stewart, 2011). In any case, the organized principles permit revelations to forestall event of illegal tax avoidance and other unlawful exercises. The Governments will in general be less cruel when controlling protections designated in outside monetary forms, since the bonds’ buyers are commonly more and most

Organizational Design, Culture, and Adaptation Essay - 1

Hierarchical Design, Culture, and Adaptation - Essay Example This program, Diabetic Rewards Issued by means of Everyone (DRIVE) Day, has explicit objectives planned for helping patients control their malady through different exercises anticipated this specific day on a month to month premise. In addition, Drive Day particularly causes in giving consideration to diabetic patients that don't have protection inclusion, or have low protection inclusion, those from low pay gatherings and every single other patient. The thought and structure of this activity came about because of an exhaustive investigation of verifiable information. The Drive Day is directed on the primary Thursday of consistently post early afternoon for around 4 hours. On this day, patients that stroll in are made to experience a progression of methods and assessments, post which their condition is evaluated for additional treatment. This program is directed by a group of specialists, medical caretakers and orderlies from the AHC that alternate each month to lead the Drive Day de pendent on a pre-arranged method in a deliberate manner. A sum of seven stations with hardly any sub stations take into account the Drive Day exercises with each station oversaw by a group of doctor, medical caretaker and specialist. Patients are enrolled and sent for additional investigation by doctors for their vitals, blood glucose levels and other related tests. These perceptions made by the doctor at each station are precisely recorded on an advancement note, which is held by the patient and utilized by the doctors to endorse treatment and to watch enhancements. Other than these, the Drive Days are made progressively alluring and urging to the participants through willful exercises, for example, cookery classes, exercise, yoga and gathering exercises to determine inquiries from patients and their relatives. The Drive Day program unquestionably can possibly improve mindfulness identified with diabetes the board and its related issues other than giving available and reasonable co nsideration to existing diabetic patients that are in any case denied of the necessary consideration. Furthermore, this program will likewise assist specialists with committing more opportunity to more prominent number of patients and spare sitting tight time for patients just as limit wastage of time holding up that would somehow or another happen because of missed arrangements or lesser number of patients strolling into the centers for customary visits; to put it plainly, this program would improve doctors’ proficiency. The most fascinating part of the Drive Day activity is that this program gives a phenomenal stage to improve mindfulness identified with solid nourishment, way of life, and other wellbeing safety measures that are required in present-day life, which will likewise help in overseeing and forestalling early diabetes. The Drive Day activity would improve doctors’ proficiency and adequacy. Effectiveness would improve on the grounds that the manner in which the occasion is overseen welcomes increasingly number of patients just as instigates them for rehashing their visits. Viability would be high since patients will in general take proprietorship to go to the Drive Days; furthermore, intentional exercises, for example, cookery and exercise would improve their support. According to

Word of the Week! Cornucopia Richmond Writing

Word of the Week! Cornucopia Richmond Writing I dont hear this wonderful word much anymore, so I thought to trot it out for the week after Thanksgiving, when we enjoy a feast of plenty. What of the word that means horn of plenty? It may appear in seasonal imagery, but like last weeks word, it has faded from popular usage. The OED Online gives it only four of eight for frequency of usage. As with so many words here, the history of use can only be traced to the early Gutenberg years, or 16th Century. I imagine our term enjoyed popularity before, as the concept comes from pagan Antiquity, noted in the OED entry as the horn of the goat Amalthea by which the infant Zeus was suckled. We might see the image of a horn of plenty advertising specials for Thanksgiving at supermarkets, but the lovely Latinate term? That seems rare today. Enjoy your holiday feasts and do not overdo it. There are ancient stories about that, as well. Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month  here  and Words of the Week  here. Image: Fall Cornucopia by Ron Cogswell at Flickr.

Roads to an IT Career - Institutes of IT 2019

Have you considered seeking education from an Information Technology Institute? The Information Technology industry offers vast opportunities in many different arenas in the national and international business world. Students seeking an education at an Information Technology Institute will have many considerations to make when choosing a career specialty. Information Technology Institutes offer working professionals the opportunity to further their career and advance their knowledge, leading to greater opportunity and, hopefully, those pay raises we are all so fond of. Information Technology Institutes, such as ITI (Information Technology Institute of Toronto), and ITT Technical Institute, offer certificate programs in Business Systems Analysis, Certified Information Systems Security, E-Commerce Professional Development, and Object Oriented Development. In these specialties, Information Technology Institutes seek to educate the student to create reusable applications using the fundamentals of object oriented programming techniques, build data-driven Web applications, create and manage online stores, operate security systems, and identify risk. Students participate in business systems analysis, development of data models, creation of online catalogs, build component-based applications, and develop data access classes. Several of these certifications require one to four years of experience in the Information Technology field. For this reason, students considering an education at an Information Technology Institute may also wish to consider the many o ther opportunities for obtaining a degree in Information Technology. .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b:active, .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u25e10527fcd9ce7553b7bd33612d8b7b:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Health Care Employment OpportunitiesThere are several colleges and universities that offer educational programs in the field of Information Technology and its many specialties, with many offering online degrees. The University of Phoenix offers Bachelors degree programs in Web Design and Multimedia, Information Systems, Information Technology and Visual Communication, Business Information Systems, Information Technology, and E-Commerce, placing an emphasis on the business administration of Information Technology so that students are fully prepared for the workforce after graduation. Students focus on analysis of business technology, software architecture, and the acquisition of technical theories. American InterContinental University (AIU) also offers a Bachelors degree program in Information Technology onl ine that develops appropriate programming skills and educates students in data administration. Additionally, Warren National University also offers a fully-accredited Bachelors of Science program in Software Engineering that provides students with a comprehensive knowledge in the tools, techniques, and principles of software development and maintenance. Capella University offers Bachelors of Science degrees in General Information Technology and Graphics and Multimedia as well. .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554 { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554:active, .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554 { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554 .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554 .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u8f61f121a9bfc7b887aea5080be0b554:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Career in Sociology Potential Occupations for the Professional with a Sociology DegreeWith the industry of Information Technology growing rapidly, in the areas of Information Technology support, E-Commerce, and security, for example, you may be considering an education in one of these fast-paced positions. Career opportunities continue to be unlimited in the Information Technology field, so now is the time to consider the several colleges and universities that offer certification and degree programs in the various specializations of Information Technology. Related ArticlesFrom IT School to an IT CareerRapid Growth of IT BusinessesNever Ending Career Opportunities In ITThe IT Security IndustryThe Academics of Information TechnologyGetting a Paralegal Degree Online

Essay on Examining Kurt Cobains Personality - 1417 Words

Personality theories attempt to identify the origins of personalty and examine how personality develops. Throughout the history of psychology, different psychologists have offered various personalities, each one contradicting some idea of the other. It is possible to examine personality using multiple parts of different theories, while certain characters may be best described by one theory. Although Kurt Cobain, a complex character, cannot possibly fit into any one personality theory perfectly, parts of his personality can be explained using theories created by Alfred Adler and Carol Rogers. Kurt Cobain was born on February 20, 1967, in Aberdeen, Washington. His mother Wendy was a waitress and his father Donald was a mechanic. His†¦show more content†¦In February 1992 he married Courtney Love, and his daughter Frances Bean Cobain was born shortly after. In Utero, Nirvana’s second album, was released in 1993, and was more open than Nevermind. Despite all the success, Cobain’s heroin usage grew. He attempted suicide on March 4, 1994, but the incident was deemed an accident. On April 7, 1994, Cobain shot and killed himself. He left a note to his wife and daughter that ended â€Å"I love you, I love you† (personal communication, April 7, 1994). As a child, Cobain’s main influence was Evel Knievel, and he was determined to be reckless and fearless like his hero. As Cobain grew older, however, his influences became primarily musical, and included Neil Young, nicknamed the â€Å"Godfather of Grunge,† the Beatles, and various alternative bands (DeRogatis, para. 8). His major accomplishments were his recordings, as Cobain was known as a lyricist more than a musician, despite his short-lived career. Cobain’s personality fits rather easily into Alfred Adler’s theory of personality, especially in terms of style of life and birth order. Adler believed that â€Å"the individual creates the style of life,† rath er than being a victim of fate (Schultz Schultz, 2009, p. 137). He named four styles of life, dominant, getting, avoiding, andShow MoreRelatedThe Destruction Of The Soul2353 Words   |  10 Pagesoccurrence of emotional death is not only triggered from active battle but is universally evident across all types of war including social, racial, and personal. Demonstrated through an array of genres, emotional death is an omnipresent phenomenon, and examining individuals’ stories and emotions allows the concept to become more concrete and better understood. Despite the various causes of emotional death, its impact is threatening to victims worldwide. Civil rights novels, mental health articles

Why Relationships Fail Free Essays

Why Relationships Fail Why is it that when we think we have the perfect person we lose them? It’s something that everyone has to experience in their lives, and it’s one of the hardest concepts to understand why this happens to us. When I look at relationships I think about Stephen R. Covey who once said, â€Å"Trust is the glue of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Relationships Fail or any similar topic only for you Order Now It’s the most essential ingredient in effective communication. It’s the foundational principle that holds all relationships. † I believe the three keys to why relationships do or don’t always work are excepting others differences, trust and jealousy, and lack of communication. When you meet someone and have the certain click you do not always see the real them at first. In relationships you have to take time to learn about each other. When one is in a relationship they are forced to accept each other’s differences. This is only a small part of why some perfect relationships fail. It is sometimes hard for us to takes these differences and just accept them instead of trying to change them. We always want the other person to just change for us, and majority of the time that isn’t what they want to do. We need to look past each other’s faults and just accept them for who they are. After acceptance you have to be able trust the person you are with. I always remember that trust is the easiest to gain, but the hardest to gain back. If we are always honest in our relationship there is less tension. Having a confident attitude in one another has a great deal to do with successful relationships. If we are only worrying about what they could be doing wrong we will never be content. Jealousy is largest part of what we are experiencing when we don’t trust. Trust, honesty, and confidence; these all tie together to make a happy couple. Communication; it is a part of life that many struggle with today. It is something we do every day but can also be one of the hardest things to express at the same time. Communication in a relationship is what I believe the most important key to a working relationship. If we cannot communicate with someone that we should be close to with then it is going to be a ifficult struggle understanding what they are thinking. When you were little and your mom or dad asked you what was wrong you were always open to tell them, well this works the same way. We cannot make everyone happy but we are always trying to. If they are the right one for you they will be able to listen to you and understand the best of their ability. The feeling of not knowing what is running through the other person’s head is confusing to us. To work throug h problems together, communication is the only way to conquer this. Relationships are not always as simple as they seem. They are hard work and are something that we cannot try and fix on our own. Each person in a relationship is an equal part. Working together to accept each other for who we are, this is just one key to happiness. Also having confidence in one another can make or break a relationship. We need to remember that we should not be afraid to tell each other what we are thinking. We should act as an open book; showing the torn pages even if they are too mangled to read. How to cite Why Relationships Fail, Papers

Strategic Outsourcing at Bharti Airtel Limited free essay sample

Strategic Outsourcing at Bharti Airtel Limited Overview Bharti Airtel Limited- the Indian telecommunications firm formerly known as Bharti Tele-Venture Limited Akhil Gupta- Joint Managing Director of Bharti Airtel Limited †¢ Network Suppliers Agreement took 3 months and a quarter to finalize †¢ Bharti’s customer base growing @ 100% per year o Challenge to keep pace with network expansion o PROBLEM #1 Budgeting and the tendering process for network expansion takes up tremendous amount of management time and bandwidth. Tendering- Solicitation of vendors bids for contracts o PROBLEM #2 – Management of firms IT Capital Expenditures; Equipment purchased within a couple of years becoming obsolete for intended purchase purposes. Huge investments at waste because of unpredictable expenditures! o Need a lean and predictable cost model- if Bharti had a reliable, predictable usage- linked cost structure, then could become the lowest-cost producer of minutes †¢ Proposed Solution to Capital Expenditure nightmares: o Plan consisted of two outsourcing proposals- One to Bharti’s key telecom network equipment vendors, Ericsson, Nokia, and Siemens ? The other to Bharti’s IT equipment vendor, IBM ? Vendors involved worried about taking on additional risk o Sunil Mittal- Bharti’s Chairman and Managing Director gave Gupta free rein to investigate options to solve the problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Outsourcing at Bharti Airtel Limited or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bharti History and Background †¢ Mittal founded Bharti in 1995 with $900 start-up capital. Mittal’s Goal for Bharti has two-fold: o To take advantage of the liberalization of the Indian telecom market o To bid for a government license to operate the 1st private mobile telecom service in the Delhi area. †¢ Mittal was an entrepreneur at the time with experience in creating and successfully managing several businesses o Bicycle Components business o Portable Generator Import business o Venture with Siemens to produce telephone equipment GROWTH †¢ Existence of first eight years: Growth because there was a â€Å"Single minded devotion to the project and the industry. † Basically, there was FOCUS. o Mittal stated, â€Å"Our business is telecom and nothing else. † o Bharti- first private provider in the Delhi market o In 1998, first private provider to make a profit o Drive for continuous expansion- Aggressively pursued acquisitions of licenses for mobile operations in other geographic regions or â€Å"Circles. †¢ Circles- Telecom service in India was divided into geographical areas, called circles, for the purpose of awarding mobile and fixed-line telephone licenses. CAPITAL INFLOWS †¢ Acquisition strategy required greater capital inflows- In 1999; Bharti sold 20% equity interest to the private equity firm Warburg Pincus. †¢ Soon after, NY Life Insurance Fund, Asian Infrastructure Group, the International Finance Group, and SingTel, all acquired equity interest. †¢ 2002- Bharti w ent public raising $172 million in IPO o Indian National Stock Exchange Mumbai (Bombay) Exchange o Delphi Stock Exchange †¢ 2002 year-end: Bharti raised over $1 billion through FDI †¢ Capital Inflows financed next stage of growth o 2001-2002: obtained mobile licenses for 15 out of India’s 23 total circles o 6 Fixed-lined licenses of the 15 o Leverage with SingTel, licenses to be 1st private telecommunication service provider in India to launch national and international long-distance service. o By 2003- Bharti present in all major economic and industrial centers- 91% of all mobile users in India; Full coverage expected by 2005 FINANCIAL PERSPECTIVE †¢ March 2004 year-end: Revenues- $1,113. 4 million; 100% increase over 2003 Economies of Scale advantage Improved Operating Margin: (2003) -2. 25% to (2004) 16. 9% Net loss (2003), (2004) Net income of $117 million 2004 ROE: ~ 12% Bharti’s Management and Organization †¢ FAMILY RUN BUSINESS Sunil Mittal: Chairman and group managing director Rakesh Mittal: board director Rajan Mittal: joint managing director, overseeing the functional directors †¢ Gupta- a chartered accountant with a degree from the Delphi University CFO from 1995-2000; becoming joint managing director in 2001 Indian Market for Telecommunications †¢ Prior to 1990- little change in the Indian telecommunication environment †¢ Installation is slow- several months †¢ Mobile phones a foreign luxury †¢ 1991- India policy of Economic Liberalization- opening the sector to private competition and foreign investment. Private telecom firms could tender for l icenses. 2003- Total Indian telecom revenue was $8. 5 billion with wireless contributing to 18%; Growing at 17% annum; Estimates through 2008 growth from $1. 5 billion to $10. 9 billion US dollars †¢ Adaptation of 2 G technologies (GSM or CDMA) throughout India. 2003- India will jump to 3 G technologies. †¢ Huge potential growth in development of basic phone services. †¢ Customer demand increased daily; in 2003, over 1. 5 million people signing up for cell phones. †¢ Indian operators sell mobile phones and mobile telephone services separately. Mobile services- sold either postpaid (40%) where customers were billed for their telephone usage monthly or prepaid (60%) where customers were allowed to recharge telephone with additional time via kiosks, drugstores and convenience stores Market Competition †¢ The Indian market was highly competitive by 2002-2003. †¢ Rates low as 3 to 4 per US cents per minute †¢ Average monthly revenue per customer unit- f allen by three years as telecom providers fight for subscribers †¢ In 2003, 7 major operators in India: Bharti (Operations in Fixed Mobile), BSNI, Hutchinson, Reliance, Tata, Idea Cellular, and MTNL. Strong regional operators- Spice and BPL. Industry consolidation caused the switch from having national footprints to having the ability to provide value-added service. †¢ Operators now needed 2. 5 G or 3 G technologies to accommodate those services †¢ Now, there is a major CAPITAL INVESTMENT CHALLENGE †¢ Competitive advantage possibly with Tat or Reliance because of their â€Å"STRONG CAPITAL RESOURCES† Bharti’s Telecommunication Network 2003- Licenses obtained for 15 of the 23 total circles serving a 25% market share of total Indian mobile market and 6 million subscribers †¢ Fixed Line services- 1 million customers and licenses for six circles. †¢ New Regulations would allow Bharti to offer wire—line services into any circles in whic h it held a wireless license. †¢ Growth expected to be exponential over the upcoming 18 months as Bharti obtained licenses Operations and Service Structured into three strategic business units: 1. Mobile Services- 64% of Bharti’s revenues. Bharti achieved the most in terms of market dominance and customer service by implementing â€Å"error free† service. a. Out of six of 15 regions, had over 40% of market share, 2. Long Distance, Group Data, and Enterprise- 30% of Bharti’s revenues. Services leveraged its recently completed high-speed fiber-optic network spanning out to 24,000 kilometers a. Provided â€Å"end to end service†, broadband. Long-distance, video-conferencing, and dedicated data and voice line services 3. Broadband and Telephone Services- 16% of Bharti’s revenues. This unit provided wire-line based telephone service in six circles and broadband in all major economic centers. a. Broadband included DSL, Wi-Fi, VPN, and video surveillance. Technology and Development †¢ 2004- Mobile network connected 1,400 towns using GSM technology †¢ 2007- Running in all the 5,161 census towns; 100 towns/month on average †¢ 5000 base stations by March 2004 †¢ Required demand service would require a jump to 40,000 and also require hiring over 2,000 additional people to build and maintain them. Deployed EDGE in Mumbai †¢ Long-distance network used fiber-optic cables o Joint venture with SingTel- with (i2i undersea cable system) used in the international carrier business Bharti’s Relationship with Its Vendors As Bharti’s market share grew so did its network supplier relationships. †¢ GSM technology was very openly standard: Bharti was comfortable with working with several suppliers. †¢ If a supplier proved to be unsa tisfactory- change or switch was painless †¢ Vendors would try to oversell their supplies- i. e. ase stations, switching stations o This is a problem because operators wanted maximum coverage and capacity with as little equipment as possible. o Typical networks used only 60% to 70% of its installed capacity at any point in time o Need capacity-erlangs (Erlangs- were a measure of telecom traffic. One erlangs a circuit occupied for 60 minutes) o Business practice- purchase ~30% to 40 excess capacity to keep ahead of customer demand ? On the balance sheet- 30% excess would represent ~$300 million to $400 million IT Requirements Bharti’s IT requirements fell into three categories: 1. Telecom systems and software 2. Customer management information systems 3. Business-support software and hardware architectures Bharti contracted with IBM, HP, and Oracle for the business-support software and hardware architectures and customer management systems. †¢ Bharti facing HUGE up-front investments in IT in order to get the right architecture in place and to be ready for growth over the next 10 years. Human Resource Issues Human Resource scarcity related to IT and network development requirements. Needed RETAIN and HIRE the best and brightest talent †¢ Network development would require to hire ~2000 to 3000 people in 2004 Bharti’s Proposed Deal Two-pronged Outsourcing Structure for Bharti and its vendors. †¢ Outsource responsibility for the buildup, maintenance, and servicing of the telecom network to equipment vendors. (Nokia, Siemens, and Ericsson) o Vendors will provide Bha rti with network capacity- erlangs. o Once capacity is installed- ownership is Bharti o Responsibility of good working order remains with equipment supplier o Agreement 3 year period- mutual renewal thereafter. Outsource responsibility for the buildup, maintenance, and servicing of the core IT infrastructure. (IBM) o Complete and comprehensive end-to-end management service for supplying, installing, and managing all of its hardware and software requirements of basic IT architectures of company o Subject to quality controls specific to SLA’s (Customer Satisfaction hotlines) o Exchange for services, Bharti agrees to pay IBM a share of its revenues o Agreement 5 year period- renewable for additional 5 years Reactions to Bharti Don Price- the CTO of Bharti Mobile Services Never heard of such an agreement- expressed serious reservations about handing over network management and operations to the vendors IT AND Marketing departments †¢ Concerned that the software or hardware a pplications not supported by IBM would no longer be available †¢ In addition, concerned about the implications the deal would have on the time to market of new IT-based services for customers Human Resource departments †¢ Concerned about the management of transfer of nearly 1,000 staff members †¢ Culture’s different from India: India is not a â€Å"Hire-and Fire† country Vendor Reactions Initial reactions were mixed. Liked the opportunity to do more business with Bharti †¢ Concerned with the risks and the need for senior â€Å"Buy-In† from top levels †¢ Major Concern: Might be stuck with important investments in network equipment that they made in behalf of Bharti in the event that Bharti did not use the equipment †¢ Concerned with absorbing hundreds of Bharti’s employees †¢ If vendors don’t sign- could be dangerous because of the rapid growth of Bharti causing lock out of lucrative deals †¢ IBM had concerns about forecasting Bharti’s future revenue growth in order to estimate how much they would get paid over the next five to 10 years. IBM needed to be fairly sure of Bharti’s future success o Not sure if investment would improve Bharti’s chances for success in the future o Felt like betting on a horse in a horse race

Egypt-Israeli Conflict And The West Essays - ArabIsraeli Conflict

Egypt-Israeli Conflict And The West Essays - ArabIsraeli Conflict Egypt-Israeli Conflict and the West The History of the conflict in the Middle East is long and well documented. To both, and to many biased observers the history of the Egyptian/Israeli conflict is very one sided, with one government, or one people causing the continued wars between the two neighboring states. But, as any social scientist of any reputation will state, all international conflicts have more than one side, and usually are the result of events surrounding, and extending over the parties involved. Thus, using this theory as a basis, we must assume that the conflict between Israel and Egypt is more complicated than a partial observer would see it. For the purpose of this paper, we are going to examine the basic factors of Egypt's Involvement and conflict with Israel, with some emphasis on the involvement of the United State, and the Western Nation in this conflict. Also, I wish to pay particular attention to the question of who, or what brought these countries into conflict. Were they both victims of their situation, or did they become actively involved in promoting conflict, or perhaps a third party source, such as the US pushed them into conflict? In 1948, the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel was read by David Ben-Gurion in Tel Aviv. The Egyptians, like most of the Arab states saw this as a creation of a Western State, backed by the British Empire, and thus an imperialistic entity in the Arab homeland. Considering the past 20 years of the Egyptian state, and of most of the Arab nations, was a continual conflict again imperial powers, the Egyptian were naturally weary and afraid of any new imperialistic powers developing in the Middle East. In September 1947, the League of Arab States decided to resist by force the plan for the partition of Palestine into an Arab and a Jewish State, and when the Jewish state was created, the armies of the various Arab states entered into Palestine to save the country for the Arabs again "Zionist" aggression. The Arabs were defeated and the Arab Countries saved a small amount of land, the Transjordon, and the West Bank. Similarly Egypt saved strip of territory around Gaza. The causes of this war, and Egypt's involved can be examined in several ways. Obviously, the creation of the State of Israel by Ben-Gurion and his supporters provided a excuse for the Arab Nations, and Egypt to attack the Jewish population in Israel. As mentioned, the Egyptians saw the formation of Israel as an Imperialist state, and they were defending the land for the Palestinians, and more importantly for the newly developing arab unity. While the United States was not actively involved in the war, either by providing arms or providing much assiezce, their actions did create an interesting and volatile atmosphere. As soon as the state of Israel was created, the United State quickly recognized the state and started diplomatic relations with the newly formed government. At the same time, the USSR recognized Israel, not wishing the US to be seen as the champion for the newly found state. Although there is no definitive proof, one can assume that Egypt, and the rest of the Arab nations felt the need to quickly react to the situation, in almost a type of fear that powers outside their Arab influence, such as the United States were quickly impeding on their territory, by using Israel as a means of their peaceful aggression. Still, Egypt was clearly the main aggressor in this inezce, and was not defending their own territory, but instead attempting to obtain territory, which they did succeed in acquiring, through the Gaza Strip. The Egyptian actions quickly set the tone of conflict in the Middle East, giving the Israelis no option but the take an initial purely military response in defense of their newly formed state. In the minds of the Israeli leaders, Egypt was nothing but a threat to the existence of the Jewish state, and thus, perhaps rightly, should only be dealt with as an enemy. From the outcome of this poorly prepared war emerged Gamal Abdul Nasser, who commanded an Egyptian Army in Palestine. He organized a clandestine group inside the army called the

Evolution of the Human Heart into Four Chambers

Evolution of the Human Heart into Four Chambers The human heart does not look much like those Valentines Day candies or the pictures we drew on our love notes when we were in elementary school. The current human heart is a large muscular organ with four chambers, a septum, several valves, and other various parts necessary for pumping blood all around the human body. However, this amazing organ is a product of evolution and has spent millions of years perfecting itself in order to keep humans alive. Invertebrate Hearts Invertebrate animals have very simple circulatory systems. Many do not have a heart or blood because they are not complex enough to need a way to get nutrients to their body cells. Their cells are able to just absorb nutrients through their skin or from other cells. As the invertebrates become a little more complex, they use an open circulatory system. This type of circulatory system does not have any blood vessels or has very few. The blood is pumped throughout the tissues and filters back to the pumping mechanism. Like in earthworms, this type of circulatory system does not use an actual heart. It has one or more small muscular areas capable of contracting and pushing the blood and then reabsorbing it as it filters back. However, these muscular regions were the precursors to our complex human heart. Fish Hearts Of the vertebrates, fish have the simplest type of heart. While it is a closed circulatory system, it has only two chambers. The top is called the atrium and the bottom chamber is called the ventricle. It has only one large vessel that feeds the blood into the gills to get oxygen and then transports it around the fishs body. Frog Hearts It is thought that while fish only lived in the oceans, amphibians like the frog were the link between water-dwelling animals and the newer land animals that evolved. Logically, it follows that frogs would, therefore, have a more complex heart than fish since they are higher on the evolutionary chain. In fact, frogs have a three-chambered heart. Frogs evolved to have two atria instead of one, but still only have one ventricle. The separation of the atria allows frogs to keep the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate as they come into the heart. The single ventricle is very large and very muscular so it can pump the oxygenated blood throughout the various blood vessels in the body. Turtle Hearts The next step up on the evolutionary ladder is the reptiles. It was recently discovered that some reptiles, like turtles, actually have a heart that has a sort of a three and a half chambered heart. There is a small septum that goes about halfway down the ventricle. The blood is still able to mix in the ventricle, but the timing of the pumping of the ventricle minimizes that mixing of the blood. Human Hearts The human heart, along with the rest of the mammals, is the most complex having four chambers. The human heart has a fully formed septum that separates both the atria and the ventricles. The atria sit on top of the ventricles. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood coming back from various parts of the body. That blood is then let into the right ventricle which pumps the blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. The blood gets oxygenated and then returns to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. The oxygenated blood then goes into the left ventricle and is pumped out to the body through the largest artery in the body, the aorta. This complex, but efficient, way of getting oxygen and nutrients to body tissues took billions of years to evolve and perfect.

Computer Systems Fundamentals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Computer Systems Fundamentals - Essay Example released their RSA algorithm into the public domain, in advance of the US patent (#4,405,829) expiring on the 20th Sept. of the same year. Following the relaxation of the US government restrictions earlier in the year (Jan. 14) this removed one of the last barriers to the world-wide distribution of much software based on cryptographic systems. It should be noted that the IDEA algorithm is still under patent and also that government restrictions still apply in some places. 11. [Year:2004, Month: Apr 14]nVidia releases GeForce 6800, claiming it is the biggest leap in graphics technology the company ever made. Independent reviews show more than 100% increase in productivity compared with the fastest card on the market. Continuing the tradition, nVidia demonstrates Nalu, a mermaid with extremely realistic hair. A few weeks later nVidia's main rival ATi announces X800 with nearly the same level of performance and feature support. The card is showcased by the Ruby demo, delivering a smooth real-time rendering of what was previously in the exclusive realm of prerendered cinematics. Memory speeds are written in different formats depending on the type of memory technology your computer uses. FPM and EDO speeds are written in nanoseconds (ns). SDRAM, DDR, and DDR2 speeds are written in megahertz (MHz) Here is a rough guide to relative memory speeds: i. Memory Speed Technology Speed Module Bandwidth SDR PC100 0.8 GB/sec SDR PC133 1.0 GB/sec DDR PC1600 1.6 GB/sec DDR PC2100 2.1 GB/sec DDR PC2700 2.7 GB/sec DDR PC3200 3.2 GB/sec DDR PC4000 4.0GB/sec DDR2 PC2-3200 3.2GB/sec DDR2 PC2-4200 4.2GB/sec DDR2 PC2-5300 5.3GB/sec DDR2 PC2-6400 6.4GB/sec Source: See http://www.crucial.com/crucial/pvtcontent /memorytype.aspmodel=&memtype=CHOOSE The costs of the

Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Report - Assignment Example All these factors together with local conflicts have resulted in a poorer educational system in countries such as Africa and South Asia and in countries with a high population the situation is even worse (Crawford, 1995). Even those institutions which are backed by sufficient funding do suffer from certain shortfalls such as lack of appropriate teaching materials, shortage of teachers and less motivation programs for both teachers and students to completely enjoy the fruits of education (Notes). The teaching fraternity plays a vital role in the promotion of education among students, especially in the primary classes, and they should have access to the right teaching materials which would help to develop basic reading and writing skills of students. As if this is resolved students will have the confidence to excel and do better in higher classes as foundation is definitely the key to higher learning. Despite this understanding modern schools have shied away from providing the much needed encouragement for both teachers and students (Holmes, 2008, Notes). Additionally schools have also not been supported by suitable governmental policies and practices as they only focus on the economic or social outcomes of education. Unless the primary educational system is strengthened we will not be able to achieve the right benefits of education and it will merely remain only as a solution to global problems rather than as a means to realize the true potential of an individual (Carroll,

Direct Effects of Financial Repression in India

Direct Effects of Financial Repression in India FINANCIAL REPRESSION (PAPER 7) Financial repression refers to the notion that a set of government regulations, laws, and other non-market restrictions prevent the financial intermediaries of an economy from functioning at their full capacity (McKinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973)PAPER 1). Generally, financial repression consists of three elements. First, the banking system is forced to hold government bonds and money through the imposition of high reserve and liquidity ratio requirements. This allows the government to finance budget deficits at a low or zero cost. Second, given that government revenue cannot be extracted that easily from private securities, the development of private bond and equity markets is discouraged. Finally, the banking system is characterized by interest rate ceilings to prevent competition with public sector fund raising from the private sector and to encourage low-cost investment (PAPER 1). The policies that cause financial repression include interest rate ceilings, liquidity ratio requirements, high bank reserve requirements, capital controls and restrictions on market entry into the financial sector, credit ceilings or restrictions on directions of credit allocation, and government ownership or domination of banks (PAPER 7). Economists have commonly argued that financial repression prevents the efficient allocation of capital and thereby impairs economic growth. While theoretically an economy with an efficient financial system can achieve growth and development through efficient capital allocation, McKinnon and Shaw argue that historically, many countries, including developed ones but especially developing ones, have restricted competition in the financial sector with government interventions and regulations. According to their argument, a repressed financial sector discourages both saving and investment because the rates of return are lower than what could be obtained in a competitive market. In such a system, financial intermediaries do not function at their full capacity and fail to channel saving into investment efficiently, thereby impeding the development of the overall economic system (PAPER 7). This paper aims to analyse the concept of financial repression and reasons why it is seen and detrimental to economic growthexplain sections below. Rationale for and types of financial repression The key reason for the government to implement financially repressive policies is to control fiscal resources. By having a direct control over the financial system, the government can funnel funds to itself without going through legislative procedures and more cheaply than it could when it resorts to market financing. More specifically, by restricting the behaviour of existing and potential participants of the financial markets, the government can create monopoly or captivate rents for the existing banks and also tax some of these rents so as to finance its overall budget. Existing banks may try to collude with each other and to interrupt possible liberalization policies as long as they are guaranteed their collective monopoly position in the domestic market. In some countries, governments require banks to meet high rates of the reserve ratios, and use the reserves as a method to generate revenues. Since reserves earn no interest, they function as an implicit tax on banks and restrict banks from allocating a certain portion of their portfolios to productive investments and loans. If high reserve requirements are combined with interest ceilings and protective government directives for certain borrowers, savers who are usually unaware of the requirement policy become the main taxpayers because they face reduced rates of interest on their savings. Inflation can aggravate the reserve tax because it reduces the real rates of interest. Thus, high reserves requirements make the best use of the governments monopolistic power to generate seigniorage revenue as well as to regulate reserve requirements. A variant of this policy includes required liquidity ratios; that is when banks are required to allocate a certain fraction of their deposits to holding government securities that usually yield a return lower than could be obtained in the market. Governments often impose a ceiling on the interest rate banks can offer to depositors. Interest ceilings function in the same way as price controls, and thereby provide banks with economic rents. Like high required reserve ratios, those rents benefit incumbent banks and provide tax sources for the government, paid for by savers and by borrowers or would-be-borrowers. The rents borne by the interest ceiling reduce the number of loans available in the market thereby discouraging both saving and investment. In return for allowing incumbent banks to reap rents, the government often require banks to make subsidized loans to certain borrowers for the purpose of implementing industrial policy (or simply achieving political goals). Interest ceilings in high inflation countries can victimize savers because high inflation can make the real interest rates of return negative. Financial repression also takes the form of government directives for banks to allocate credit at subsidized rates to specific firms and industries to implement industrial policy. Forcing banks to allocate credit to industries that are perceived to be strategically important for industrial policy ensures stable provision of capital rather than leaving it to decisions of disinterested banks or to efficient securities markets. It is also more cost effective than going through the public sectors budgetary process. Government directives and guidance sometimes include detailed orders and instructions on managerial issues of financial institutions to ensure that their behaviour and business is in line with industrial policy or other government policies. The Japanese Ministry of Finance (MOF) is a typical example of governments micromanagement of financial industry. Capital controls are restrictions on the inflows and outflows of capital and are also financially repressive policies. Despite their virtues, the use of capital controls can involve costs. Because of their uncompetitive nature, capital controls increases the cost of capital by creating financial autarky; limits both domestic and foreign investors ability to diversify portfolios; and helps inefficient financial institutions survive. Impacts of Financial Repression Because financial repression leads to inefficient allocation of capital, high costs of financial intermediation, and lower rates of return to savers, it is theoretically clear that financial repression inhibits growth (Roubini and Sala-i-Martin, 1992). The empirical findings on the effect of removing financial repression, i.e., financial liberalization on growth supports this view, but various channels through which liberalization spurs growth have been evidenced. The possible negative effect of financial repression on economic growth does not automatically mean that countries should adopt a laissez-faire stance on financial development and remove all regulations and controls that create financial repression. Many developing countries that liberalized their financial markets experienced crises partly because of the external shocks that financial liberalization introduces or amplifies. Financial liberalization can create short-term volatility despite its long-term gains (Kaminsky and Schmukler, 2002). Also, because of market imperfections and information asymmetries, removing all public financial regulations may not yield an optimal environment for financial development. An alternative to a financially repressive administration would be a new set of regulations to ensure market competition as well as prudential regulation and supervision. ECONOMIC THOUGHTS The literature on finance and development postulates a symbiotic relationship between the evolution of the financial system and the development of the real economy. This prediction is common to both the McKinnon-Shaw approach and the endogenous growth literature. However, while in the former financial development determines the level of steady-state output, in the latter it is a determinant of the equilibrium rate of economic growth. In the McKinnon-Shaw literature the basis for the relationship between financial and economic development is Gurley and Shaws (1955) debt-intermediation hypothesis. In this framework an increase in financial saving relative to the level of real economic activity increases the extent of financial intermediation and raises productive investment which, in turn, raises per-capita income. In these models nominal interest rate controls inhibit capital accumulation because they reduce the real rate of return on bank deposits, thereby discouraging financial saving. Moreover, higher reserve requirements also exert a negative influence on financial intermediation by increasing the wedge between lending and deposit rates. Under a competitive banking system this wedge is an increasing function of the rate of inflation. Thus higher real interest rates encourage capital accumulation and real economic activity, largely through an increase in the extent of financial intermediation. The competitive model of the banking industry are theoretically inadequate because First, in many less developed countries the banking industry is typically dominated by a small number of banks and collusive behaviour is not uncommon. Second, asymmetric information in loan markets is sufficient to generate a considerable degree of market power for lenders. Theoretical inadequacy relates to the implication of the assumptions of perfect competition, which leave little room for analyzing the behaviour of banks and their reactions to government interventions. Departure of the benchmark model from perfect competition has important implications for the way in which repressionist policies affect financial development. These effects may differ depending on the source of the departure from perfectly competitive behaviour. In the case where the departure is due to collusive behaviour, banking controls may induce banks to use non-interest-rate methods to influence the volume of bank deposits. Whenever the departure from perfect competition is due to imperfect information, the possibility of government corrective actions must be acknowledged. According to Stiglitz (1993), interest rate restrictions may be able to address moral hazard in the form of excessive risk taking by banks. Thus if one is prepared to assume that depositors perceive such restrictions as enhancing the stability of the banking system, their imposition may increase depositors willingness to hold their savings in the form of bank deposits. However, this crucially depends on how government policies are perceived by the public, which in turn relates to the existence or otherwise of good governance. Ill perceived and/or executed policies may have the opposite effect than that predicted by the market failure paradigm. Thus the success or failure of certain policies may largely depend on the effectiveness of the institutions that implement them (World Bank (1993). The endogenous growth literature offers additional channels through which financial sector policies may affect financial development, independently of the real rate of interest. In contrast to the Courakis-Stiglitz analysis, where repressionist policies may have positive effects, this literature typically predicts negative effects. The above analyses serve to suggest that the effects of certain types of interventionist policies as well as the channel through which they work may be different than has so far been recognized by much of the empirical literature. In particular, these policies may have direct effects on financial depth by: (1) changing the willingness of banks to raise deposits by non-interest-rate methods, and (2) changing the willingness of savers to supply their savings to the banking system. Thus these policies can have effects over and above-and sometimes conflicting with-those that are widely recognized in the literature. DATA ANALYSIS We focus on the economy of India for a variety of reasons. Besides the obvious reason that India is one of the most important developing economies in the world, it also has a rich history of varying types of repressionist policies which aids the statistical investigation. In the late 1950s the financial system of India was fairly liberal with no ceilings on interest rates and low reserve requirements. In the early 1960st he government tightened its control over the financial system by introducing lending rate controls, higher liquidity requirements, and by establishing state development banks for industry and agriculture. This process culminated in the nationalization of the 14 largest commercial banks in 1969. Further nationalizations took place in 1980. Interest rate controls were rigidly applied from the 1970s to the late 1980s to all types of loans and deposits. The term structure of interest rates was largely dictated by the Reserve Bank. Credit planning, a formal system of dire cted credit introduced in 1970, increasingly covered a very large percentage of total lending. Moreover, concessionary lending rates were offered to priority sectors. The late 1980s were, however, marked by the beginning of a process of gradual liberalization of the financial system. Ceilings on lending rates began to be lifted in 1988 and were completely abolished in 1989. Finally, further relaxations on directed credit and concessionary lending rates took place in 1990 and 1992. Interestingly, the index appears to reflect quite well many of the policy shifts that occurred during the sample period. According to this index, the early 1960s appear to be characterized with gradual increases in the level of financial repression. There was some stability in the mid-1960s followed by a big jump in 1969. This behaviour coincides with developments in the 1960s which culminated with the nationalization of the largest eleven banks in 1969, which allowed the Reserve Bank of India to intensify its directed credit program and to impose controls on deposit rates. The 1970s were characterized with the gradual imposition of more controls, i .e. a lending rate floor operated during 1973 and 1974, a lending rate ceiling was imposed in 1975 and remained in operation for 13 years, and reserve requirements (PAPER 3) were raised in 1976. The early 1980s saw even more controls imposed and an intensification of the directed credit program. Once again the gradual increase in the inde x follows these developments quite well. The index drops significantly in 1985, which coincides with a partial deregulation of deposit rate controls. It then rises again, reflecting the reintroduction of deposit rate controls in 1988 and a 4% increase of reserve requirements in 1989, but drops again in 1990 when the directed credit program is relaxed. Finally, there is a small drop of the index in 1991, which coincides with further deregulations of deposit rates. (PAPER 3) RECOMMENDATION (financial liberalisation) Since the break-up of the colonial empires, many developing countries suffered from stagnant economic growth, high and persistent inflation, and external imbalances under a financially repressed regime. To cope with these difficulties economic experts had advocated what they called â€Å"Financial liberalization mainly a high interest rate policy to accelerate capital accumulation, hence growth with lower rates of inflation (McKinnon (1973), Shaw (1973), Kapur (1976) and Matheison (1980)). Their argument that relaxation of the institutionally determined interest rate ceilings on bank deposit rates would lead to price stabilization and long-run growth through capital accumulation is based on the following chronology of events: (a) the higher deposit rates would cause the households to substitute away from unproductive assets (foreign currency, cash, land, commodity stocks, an so on) in favour of bank deposits; (b) this in turn would raise the availability of deposits into the banking system, and would enhance the supply of bank credit to finance firms capital requirements, and ; (c) this upsurge in investment would cause a strong supply side effect leading to higher output and lower inflation.(paper 1) CONCLUSION The main finding of this paper is that the direct effects of financial repression in India were negative and quite substantial. We would, however, advise caution in generalizing from these results to other countries. It is well known that the success of economic policies largely depends on the effectiveness of the institutions that implement them, and this clearly varies from country to country (e.g., World Bank (1993)). Thus we would not be surprised if future research showed- that the direct effects of financial repression in other countries (e.g., South Korea) were positive and significant.19 In fact, according to our theoretical analysis, the possibility of positive effects cannot be ruled out. Our conjecture is that repressionist policies may have positive effects whenever they are able to successfully address market failure. How-ever, market failure should encompass not only information-related imperfections but also those pertaining to the structure of the banking industry, as the latter may be equally important. Our results highlight a number of potentially fruitful avenues for further research. From a theoretical view point much work needs to be done to model financial repression in a framework where banks are more active than has so far been customarily assumed. Models where banks are able to influence the volume of their loanable funds may also be in the spirit of the modem banking literature, which emphasises the importance of active liability management. In such a framework it would be interesting to explore the role of market structure. A game-theoretic approach may also be taken, which could yield rich insights about the strategic aspects of financial repression. From an empirical point of view, the examination of the direct effects of financial repression in other countries is likely to be of considerable value. Furthermore, comparisons of these effects across different economies are likely to shed light on the relative effectiveness of repressi onist policies, thereby providing indirect evidence on relative levels of good governance. Finally, our results suggest that there is also considerable scope for empirical studies of bank behaviour under conditions of financial repression. (PAPER 3)

Everything you wanted to know about quoting

When writing an essay, you need to give evidence from the story, poem, novel, etc. that helps to support your argument. By quoting from the text, you show that evidence is definitely there. Keep quotes short†¦ they should support your thoughts, not replace them. TIP: If you only need to quote part of a sentence, use an ellipsis. ORIGINAL: â€Å"Mr. Cunningham, said Atticus, came from a set breed of men† (Lee 21). â€Å"Mr. Cunningham†¦ came from a set breed of men† (Lee 21).Only quote the part of the ext that relates to your point. Connect the quote to your words†¦ dont Just leave it hanging. Use phrases like, â€Å"Scout shows this when she says,† â€Å"as revealed by the line,† â€Å"as the author states,† etc. Place a colon after your thoughts to link them to your evidence (the quote). Boldwood loses control of himself. His love for Bathsheba strips him of reason. Boldwood gives in to his emotions totally, as shown when he says, â €Å"l had some faint belief in the mercy of God till I lost that woman†¦ ‘ feel it is better to die than to live† (Hardy 244). He nearly loses his mind.Harper Lee concludes To Kill a Mockingbird happily. The novel ends by showing Atticus reunited with his children: â€Å"He turned out the light and went into Jem's room. He would be there all night, and he would be there when Jem waked up in the morning† (Lee 281). Atticus's fatherly presence shows the reader that all is right with the world. DANGERS TO AVOID Never use a quote in a way that changes the meaning it had originally (â€Å"take it out of context†). Never let your quotes drown out your own voice. Never stick in a quote without connecting it to your words. Never forget to use quotation marks and cite the place where you found the quote.Never use quotes that are longer than they have to be. Never use a quote unless you are sure of what it means. Jem and Scout meet Mrs. Dubose. â€Å"Mrs. Dubo se lived alone except for a Negro girl in constant attendance, two doors up the street from us in a house with steep front steps and a dog-trot hall. She was very old†¦ † Mrs. Dubose is mean. â€Å"If she was on the porch when we passed, we would be raked by her wrathful gaze, subjected to ruthless interrogation regarding our behavior†¦ â€Å"

Essay on Platos Symposium - 692 Words

Though not as philosophical as many of Platos other works, The Symposium gives a greater in depth account and characterization into the social life of the intellectual circles in Ancient Greece. The eulogies from each of the philosophers at the discussion examine the origins and theories of love in its many forms. Several of the theories and themes discussed in The Symposium are repeated as well as contrasted by each of the orators. The themes of physical love and lust, and reproduction are most notably discussed and compared within each speech. The ideas of physical love, or the lusting for body rather than mind, are discussed within the speakers and related to their own physical loves as compared to their intellectual loves.†¦show more content†¦In Agathons eulogy, he praises the actual god that is Love, and speaks of the virtues of Love rather than the natures. Within these virtues is moderation, and he states that love has the biggest share of moderation. It is generally agreed that moderation is the mastery of pleasures and desires, and that no pleasure is stronger than Love...if Love masters pleasures and desires, he must be exceptionally moderate, (30.196c). This continues further on the ideas of the pleasure received purely from physical love are inferior and must be practiced in moderation. Socrates closes on the discussion of physical love and lust in his discussion. He concludes that physical love is not love at all because, desire and love are directed at what you dont have, what isnt there, and what you need, (35.200e). Since one can never be in the possession of love, then love can not be held in the single physical act of lust and pleasure. Each orator discusses the inferiority of the purely physical acts of love and as they continue, each discussion delves further into the inadequacy of love without intellect. As with the aspects of physical love and lust within humans, the ideas of reproduction permeate throughout The Symposium. In Aristophanes address, he discusses the history of love in theShow MoreRelatedEssay Platos Symposium1171 Words   |  5 PagesPlatos Symposium Platos metaphor of the divided line is essentially two worlds; the world of opinion (the physical world or the world of becoming/existence) and the world of knowledge (the world of knowledge or the world of being/essence). This concept is key to the context of The Symposium: Love. It is important to note that as the speeches evolve throughout this particular work they parallel this concept. Plato has, in this writers opinion, reinforced his theory through the speakersRead More Platos Symposium Essay1797 Words   |  8 PagesPlatos Symposium   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is the meaning of love? What does love feel like? How does love come about? No one can truly explain it, yet somehow its understood. In Platos Symposium, a dinner party was held with the discussion of love as the main topic. Everyone was required to make a speech, an ode to Love, the spirit. The philosopher, Socrates gave his speech last, claiming that his speech was merely a repetition of what a wise woman named Diotima once told him. The speech was a powerfulRead More Context and Contradictions in Platos Phaedrus and Platos Symposium1970 Words   |  8 PagesContext and Contradictions in Platos Phaedrus and Platos Symposium It is well known that Plato, a devoted student of Socrates, chronicled many of Socrates speeches and conversations. Every so often one can find instances where Socrates and other players in these conversations seem to contradict themselves, or at least muddle their arguments. One such occurrence of this is in Platos Symposium and Platos Phaedrus. Both texts speak of love in its physical sense, both texts describe love andRead MorePlatonic Love In Platos Symposium1415 Words   |  6 PagesPlato’s Symposium attempts to define the eclectic theory of love, a theory that is often believed to be the universal principle that guides mankind’s actions. Plato introduces several narratives in the form of a dialogue that seek to characterize this multifaceted theory of Eros. The meaning of love naturally varies in each narrative. Yet, in this dialogue of love, Plato presents a metaphysical approach to understanding the ambiguous meaning of love. Ultimately, Plato values the perenn ial quest forRead MoreEssay on Tragedy of Alcibiades in Platos Symposium1605 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragedy of Alcibiades in Platos Symposium In Symposium, a selection from The Dialogues of Plato, Plato uses historical allusions to demonstrate Alcibiades’ frustration with both social expectations for the phallus and his inability to meet these expectations. Alcibiades’ inability to have a productive sexual relationship effectively castrates him and demonstrates the impotence caused by an overemphasis on eroticism. The tragedy of Alcibiades is that he realizes he is unable to gain virtueRead MoreForms of Love in Platos Symposium Essay2587 Words   |  11 PagesGreek literature, is commonly considered as a prominent theme. Love, in present days, always appears in the categories of books, movies or music, etc. Interpreted differently by different people, Love turns into a multi-faceted being. In Plato’s work Symposium, Phaedrus, Pausania, Eryximachus, Aristophane and Agathon, each of them presents a speech to either praise or definite Love. Phaedrus first points out that Love is the primordial god; Pausanias brings the theme of â€Å"virtue† into the discussionRead More Significance of Feet in Plato’s Symposium Essay examples1926 Words   |  8 PagesThe Significance of Feet in Plato’s Symposium Plato’s Symposium presents an account of the party given at the house of Agathon, where Socrates and Alcibiades are in attendance. The men at the party take turns eulogizing the god Eros. In Agathon’s eulogy, he describes Eros as a soft and tender being. When Socrates speaks, however, he makes a correction of his host’s account, by saying the soft and tender thing is the beloved, and not the lover, as Agathon would have it. When Alcibiades entersRead More Gender-Based Notions of Homoerotic Love: Sappho and Plato’s Symposium1717 Words   |  7 PagesGender-Based Notions of Homoerotic Love: Sappho and Plato’s Symposium The poetry of Sappho, and the speeches in Plato’s Symposium both deal primarily with homoerotic love, although Sappho, one of the only female poets in Ancient Greece, speaks from the female perspective, while Plato’s work focuses on the nature of this love between men. There are several fundamental elements that are common to both perspectives, including similar ideals of youth and beauty, andRead MoreLove in Platos Symposium1227 Words   |  5 PagesLove in Platos Symposium I have always thought that there was only one type of love, which was that feeling of overwhelming liking to someone else. I am aware that Lust does exist and that it is separate from Love, being that the desire for someones body rather their mind. In Platos Symposium, Plato speaks of many different types of love, loves that can be taken as lust as well. He writes about seven different points of view on love coming from the speakers that attend the symposium in honorRead MorePlatos Symposium : The Nature Of Love1592 Words   |  7 Pages Plato’s Symposium describes the nature of love to be the driving force towards immortality. Aristophanes perpetuates this idea through his allegorical description of human’s original nature, and the component of the driving force of love within that nature. The underlying goal of this force of love is immortality, though he does not directly articulate it in his speech. It is with the emergence of Socrates’ ideas that we are equ ipped with sufficient evidence reinforcing Aristophanes’ story to be

An Appraisal Of Effects Of Music Therapy On Labour Pain...

An Appraisal of Effects of Music Therapy on Labour Pain and Anxiety in Taiwanese First-time Mothers Carolina Escobar-Carter Georgia Baptist College of Nursing of Mercer University I have neither given nor received help on this assignment, and pledge this work to be my original composition. Carolina Escobar-Carter Synopsis This study was conducted to examine the impact that music has on primiparous women and their pain and anxiety during labor. It was hypothesized that music therapy would produce more favorable outcomes in reducing pain and anxiety compared to standard care without music therapy. The women were chosen from a convenience sample at two hospitals in southern Taiwan with criteria that included: primiparous women with a normal pregnancy, carrying to term, planning to deliver vaginally, and planning a natural birth without the use of analgesics to relieve pain. Women were excluded if they received an epidural and if a caesarean section was performed. Out of an original 103 women recruited, 43 women were excluded or dropped out due to caesareans, epidurals, or abnormal circumstances, and a total of 60 participants were included in this study. The average age of participants was 27.12 and all were first-time mothers. The sample size was determined by Analysis of covariance which estimate d 26 participants for each group (Liu, Chang, Chen, 2009, p. 1067). Women that met the inclusion criteria and that were approximately 2-4 cm dilated wereShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesPassage Socialization 184 Assumptions of Employee Socialization 184 Socialization Strongly Influences Employee Performance and Organizational Stability 184 Organizational Stability Also Increases through Socialization 185 New Members Suffer from Anxiety 185 Socialization Does Not Occur in a Vacuum 185 Individuals Adjust to New Situations in Remarkably Similar Ways 185 A Special OD Case: The Learning Organization 199 Evaluating Training and Development Effectiveness 199 Evaluating Training 199Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages1 Figure 2.2 Figure 2.3 Figure 2.4 Figure 2.5 Figure 2.6 Figure 3.1 Figure 3.2 Figure 3.3 Figure 3.4 Figure 3.5 Figure 3.6 Figure 3.7 Figure 3.8 Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Figure 4.3 Figure 5.1 Figure 5.2 Figure 5.3 Figure 5.4 Relating cause and effect How theory provides explanation The double hermeneutic The derivation of ‘epistemology’ What is this? The derivation of ontology Positivist philosophical assumptions – the truth is out there and we can objectively know it The role of the subjectiveRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesglOBalization! Images of Diversity from Around the Globe 54 Point/Counterpoint Men Have More Mathematical Ability Than Women 61 Questions for Review 62 Experiential Exercise Feeling Excluded 62 Ethical Dilemma Board Quotas 62 Case Incident 1 The Flynn Effect 63 Case Incident 2 Increasing Age Diversity in the Workplace 64 3 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Attitudes 70 What Are the Main Components of Attitudes? 70 †¢ Does Behavior Always Follow from Attitudes? 71 †¢ What Are the Major Job AttitudesRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesaround nation-centered themes such as assimilation, push-pull, national identity, debates over national legislation, and diasporas with their attachment to home nations. Enormous and inconclusive social science literatures have tried to gage the effect of immigration and emigration on national economies, political participation, social structures, and national demography. Recent work on â€Å"transnationalism,† â€Å"diaspora,† and migrant networks has tried to move beyond this kind of knowledge, but more